Cocreative projects originate in partnership with participants rather than based solely on institutional goals. A community group may approach the museum seeking. Christopher Columbus Wikipedia. Christopher Columbus Italian Cristoforo Colombokristforo kolombo ac. May 1. 50. 6 was an Italian explorer, navigator, and colonizer. Born in the Republic of Genoa, under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean. EwIaWqDxBJPJUu7rJh2VzVRsAqvwF8wcqwFluHTQtXdmRSSRl+MWHSpGUWqpVyevLuFTVvfUWAhvFCT3hvnRj0E+YIj0AiKl3pX2pC8ajCk36RGF1JtYUbQEE40LQZ+5/Sc8z3a7a1pJop8e+3ThaWo4mD3ZvVgD4DZEmM1bjC7HOXrbytgWvzpshQMVgVdVGGG0GKU17+H4hazYJyLZFYSRpixRmOniFdm43!YQvL6U=' alt='The One Hundred By Nina Garcia Pdf' title='The One Hundred By Nina Garcia Pdf' />Those voyages and his efforts to establish settlements on the island of Hispaniola initiated the permanent European colonization of the New World. At a time when European kingdoms were beginning to establish new trade routes and colonies, motivated by imperialism and economic competition, Columbus proposed to reach the East Indies South and Southeast Asia by sailing westward. This eventually received the support of the Spanish Crown, which saw a chance to enter the spice trade with Asia through this new route. During his first voyage in 1. New World instead of arriving in Japan as he had intended, landing on an island in the Bahamas archipelago that he named San Salvador. Over the course of three more voyages, he visited the Greater and Lesser Antilles, as well as the Caribbean coast of Venezuela and Central America, claiming all of it for the Crown of Castile. Though preceded by short lived Norse colonization of North America led by Leif Erikson in the 1. Columbus is the European explorer credited with establishing and documenting routes to the Americas, securing lasting European ties to the Americas, and inaugurating a period of exploration, conquest, and colonization that lasted for centuries. His exertions thereby strongly contributed to the development of the modern Western world. He also founded the transatlantic slave trade and has been accused by several historians of initiating the genocide of the Hispaniola natives. Columbus himself saw his accomplishments primarily in the light of spreading the Christian religion. Columbus had set course in hopes of finding a western route to the Indies Asia. He called the inhabitants of the lands that he visited indios Spanish for Indians. His strained relationship with the Spanish crown and its appointed colonial administrators in America led to his arrest and dismissal as governor of the settlements on the island of Hispaniola in 1. Early life. The name Christopher Columbus is the Anglicisation of the Latin. Review Article. Drug Therapy. Alastair J. J. Wood, M. D., Editor. Treatment of Bacterial Meningitis. Vincent J. Quagliarello, M. D., and W. Michael Scheld, M. D. Original Article. An International Randomized Trial Comparing Four Thrombolytic Strategies for Acute Myocardial Infarction. The GUSTO Investigators. The One Hundred By Nina Garcia Pdf' title='The One Hundred By Nina Garcia Pdf' />Christophorus Columbus. His name in Italian is Cristoforo Colombo and, in Spanish, it is Cristbal Coln. He was born before 3. October 1. 45. 1 in the territory of the Republic of Genoa now part of modern Italy, though the exact location remains disputed. His father was Domenico Colombo, a middle class wool weaver who worked both in Genoa and Savona and who also owned a cheese stand at which young Christopher worked as a helper. His mother was Susanna Fontanarossa. Bartolomeo, Giovanni Pellegrino, and Giacomo were his brothers. Bartolomeo worked in a cartography workshop in Lisbon for at least part of his adulthood. He also had a sister named Bianchinetta. Columbus never wrote in his native language, which is presumed to have been a Genoese variety of Ligurian his name would translate in the 1. Genoese language as Christoffa1. Corombo1. 4Ligurian pronunciation kritffa kuubu1. In one of his writings, he says he went to sea at the age of 1. In 1. 47. 0, the Columbus family moved to Savona, where Domenico took over a tavern. In the same year, Christopher was on a Genoese ship hired in the service of Ren of Anjou to support his attempt to conquer the Kingdom of Naples. Some modern historians have argued that he was not from Genoa but, instead, from the Aragon region of Spain1. Download Livro Um Dia Daqueles Pdf. Portugal. 1. 8 These competing hypotheses have generally been discounted by mainstream scholars. In 1. 47. 3, Columbus began his apprenticeship as business agent for the important Centurione, Di Negro and Spinola families of Genoa. Later, he allegedly made a trip to Chios, an Aegean island then ruled by Genoa. In May 1. 47. 6, he took part in an armed convoy sent by Genoa to carry valuable cargo to northern Europe. He docked in Bristol, England2. Galway, Ireland. In 1. Iceland. In the autumn of 1. Portuguese ship from Galway to Lisbon, where he found his brother Bartolomeo, and they continued trading for the Centurione family. Columbus based himself in Lisbon from 1. He married Filipa Moniz Perestrelo, daughter of the Porto Santo governor and Portuguese nobleman of Lombard origin Bartolomeu Perestrello. In 1. 47. 9 or 1. Diego Columbus was born. Between 1. 48. 2 and 1. Columbus traded along the coasts of West Africa, reaching the Portuguese trading post of Elmina at the Guinea coast. Some records report that Filipa died sometime around 1. Columbus was away in Castile. He returned to Portugal to settle her estate and take his son Diego with him. He had left Portugal for Castile in 1. Beatriz Enrquez de Arana. It is likely that Beatriz met Columbus when he was in Crdoba, a gathering site of many Genoese merchants and where the court of the Catholic monarchs was located at intervals. Beatriz, unmarried at the time, gave birth to Columbuss natural son Fernando Columbus in July 1. Aragn. Columbus recognized the boy as his offspring. Columbus entrusted his older, legitimate son Diego to take care of Beatriz and pay the pension set aside for her following his death, but Diego was negligent in his duties. Ambitious, Columbus eventually learned Latin, Portuguese, and Castilian. He read widely about astronomy, geography, and history, including the works of Claudius Ptolemy, Cardinal Pierre dAillys Imago Mundi, the travels of Marco Polo and Sir John Mandeville, Plinys Natural History, and Pope Pius IIs Historia Rerum Ubique Gestarum. According to historian Edmund Morgan,Columbus was not a scholarly man. Yet he studied these books, made hundreds of marginal notations in them and came out with ideas about the world that were characteristically simple and strong and sometimes wrong,. Throughout his life, Columbus also showed a keen interest in the Bible and in Biblical prophecies, often quoting biblical texts in his letters and logs. For example, part of the argument that he submitted to the Spanish Catholic Monarchs when he sought their support for his proposed expedition to reach the Indies by sailing west was based on his reading of the Second Book of Esdras Ezra see 2 Esdras 6 4. Earth is made of six parts of land to one of water. Towards the end of his life, he produced a Book of Prophecies in which his career as an explorer is interpreted in the light of Christian eschatology and of apocalypticism. Quest for Asia. Background. Columbus map, drawn c. Lisbon workshop of Bartolomeo and Christopher Columbus2. Under the Mongol Empires hegemony over Asia the Pax Mongolica, or Mongol peace, Europeans had long enjoyed a safe land passage, the Silk Road, to the Indies then construed roughly as all of south and east Asia and China, which were sources of valuable goods such as spices and silk. With the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1. Asia became much more difficult and dangerous. Portuguese navigators tried to find a sea way to Asia. In 1. 47. 0, the Florentine astronomer Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli suggested to King Afonso V of Portugal that sailing west would be a quicker way to reach the Spice Islands, Cathay, and Cipangu than the route around Africa. Afonso rejected his proposal. Portuguese explorers, under the leadership of King John II, then developed the Cape Route to Asia around Africa. Song of Myself. Wont you help support Day. Poems 1. 81. 9 1. I celebrate myself, and sing myself. And what I assume you shall assume. For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you. I loafe and invite my soul. I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass. My tongue, every atom of my blood, formd from this soil, this air. Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their. I, now thirty seven years old in perfect health begin. Hoping to cease not till death. Creeds and schools in abeyance. Retiring back a while sufficed at what they are, but never forgotten. I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every hazard. Nature without check with original energy. Houses and rooms are full of perfumes, the shelves are crowded with. I breathe the fragrance myself and know it and like it. The distillation would intoxicate me also, but I shall not let it. The atmosphere is not a perfume, it has no taste of the. It is for my mouth forever, I am in love with it. I will go to the bank by the wood and become undisguised and naked. I am mad for it to be in contact with me. The smoke of my own breath. Echoes, ripples, buzzd whispers, love root, silk thread, crotch and vine. My respiration and inspiration, the beating of my heart, the passing. The sniff of green leaves and dry leaves, and of the shore and. The sound of the belchd words of my voice loosd to the eddies of. A few light kisses, a few embraces, a reaching around of arms. The play of shine and shade on the trees as the supple boughs wag. The delight alone or in the rush of the streets, or along the fields. The feeling of health, the full noon trill, the song of me rising. Have you reckond a thousand acres muchHave you practisd so long to learn to read Have you felt so proud to get at the meaning of poems Stop this day and night with me and you shall possess the origin of. You shall possess the good of the earth and sun, there are millions. You shall no longer take things at second or third hand, nor look through. You shall not look through my eyes either, nor take things from me. You shall listen to all sides and filter them from your self. I have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk of the. But I do not talk of the beginning or the end. There was never any more inception than there is now. Nor any more youth or age than there is now. And will never be any more perfection than there is now. Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now. Urge and urge and urge. Always the procreant urge of the world. Out of the dimness opposite equals advance, always substance and. Always a knit of identity, always distinction, always a breed of life. To elaborate is no avail, learnd and unlearnd feel that it is so. Sure as the most certain sure, plumb in the uprights, well. Stout as a horse, affectionate, haughty, electrical. I and this mystery here we stand. Clear and sweet is my soul, and clear and sweet is all that is not my soul. Lack one lacks both, and the unseen is proved by the seen. Till that becomes unseen and receives proof in its turn. Showing the best and dividing it from the worst age vexes age. Knowing the perfect fitness and equanimity of things, while they. I am silent, and go bathe and admire myself. Welcome is every organ and attribute of me, and of any man hearty and clean. Not an inch nor a particle of an inch is vile, and none shall be. I am satisfied I see, dance, laugh, sing. As the hugging and loving bed fellow sleeps at my side through the night. Leaving me baskets coverd with white towels swelling the house with. Shall I postpone my acceptation and realization and scream at my eyes. That they turn from gazing after and down the road. And forthwith cipher and show me to a cent. Exactly the value of one and exactly the value of two, and which is ahead Trippers and askers surround me. People I meet, the effect upon me of my early life or the ward and. I live in, or the nation. The latest dates, discoveries, inventions, societies, authors old and new. My dinner, dress, associates, looks, compliments, dues. The real or fancied indifference of some man or woman I love. The sickness of one of my folks or of myself, or ill doing or loss. Battles, the horrors of fratricidal war, the fever of doubtful news. These come to me days and nights and go from me again. But they are not the Me myself. Apart from the pulling and hauling stands what I am. Stands amused, complacent, compassionating, idle, unitary. Looks down, is erect, or bends an arm on an impalpable certain rest. Looking with side curved head curious what will come next. Both in and out of the game and watching and wondering at it. Backward I see in my own days where I sweated through fog with. I have no mockings or arguments, I witness and wait. I believe in you my soul, the other I am must not abase itself to you. And you must not be abased to the other. Loafe with me on the grass, loose the stop from your throat. Not words, not music or rhyme I want, not custom or lecture, not. Only the lull I like, the hum of your valved voice. I mind how once we lay such a transparent summer morning. How you settled your head athwart my hips and gently turnd over upon me. And parted the shirt from my bosom bone, and plunged your tongue. And reachd till you felt my beard, and reachd till you held my feet. Swiftly arose and spread around me the peace and knowledge that pass. And I know that the hand of God is the promise of my own. And I know that the spirit of God is the brother of my own. And that all the men ever born are also my brothers, and the women. And that a kelson of the creation is love. And limitless are leaves stiff or drooping in the fields. And brown ants in the little wells beneath them. And mossy scabs of the worm fence, heapd stones, elder, mullein and. A child said What is the grass How could I answer the child I do not know what it is any more than he. I guess it must be the flag of my disposition, out of hopeful green. Or I guess it is the handkerchief of the Lord. A scented gift and remembrancer designedly dropt. Bearing the owners name someway in the corners, that we may see. Whose Or I guess the grass is itself a child, the produced babe of the vegetation. Or I guess it is a uniform hieroglyphic. And it means, Sprouting alike in broad zones and narrow zones. Growing among black folks as among white. Kanuck, Tuckahoe, Congressman, Cuff, I give them the same, I. And now it seems to me the beautiful uncut hair of graves. Tenderly will I use you curling grass. It may be you transpire from the breasts of young men. It may be if I had known them I would have loved them. It may be you are from old people, or from offspring taken soon out. Initial D Street Stage English Patch Psp. And here you are the mothers laps. This grass is very dark to be from the white heads of old mothers. Darker than the colorless beards of old men. Dark to come from under the faint red roofs of mouths. O I perceive after all so many uttering tongues. And I perceive they do not come from the roofs of mouths for nothing. I wish I could translate the hints about the dead young men and women. And the hints about old men and mothers, and the offspring taken. What do you think has become of the young and old men And what do you think has become of the women and children They are alive and well somewhere. The smallest sprout shows there is really no death. And if ever there was it led forward life, and does not wait at the. And ceasd the moment life appeard. All goes onward and outward, nothing collapses. And to die is different from what any one supposed, and luckier.